The Basics Of Off Road Truck Axles
The axle is the central shaft connecting to the wheels – it’s the piece of your vehicle that controls the power that propels the wheels. As the axle turns, so do the wheels of your vehicle.
4×4 axles come in a wide variety of forms – you can find heavy-duty to lightweight axles at our St. George off-road accessories store. Depending on what types of terrain you plan on traveling through, as well as your specific type of off-road vehicle, you may want to swap your axle out for something more appropriate for your typical off-road adventure.
Solid AxleHousings
Also often called “straight axle”, this is a common axle used for off-road vehicles. The wheels on these axles don’t cycle independently from each other; if one wheel travels in one direction (over or around an obstacle), then the other wheel follows.
Integral Carrier Housing
With its one-piece design, ICH involves the differential carrier and its attached ring gear being supported by 2 carrier bearings. All of the assembling is done inside the housing.
ICH one-piece design makes it stronger than the majority of factory removable carriers.
Independent Housings
With both cast aluminum and steel differential housings, these are center mounted within the frame rails. Power is delivered from the differential to the wheels via half-shafts and constant velocity joints, allowing for the independent movement of the half-shafts from the differential while the suspension A-arms cycle.
These are typically lighter in weight and provide more ground clearance.
Removable Carrier Housing
Also called “dropouts”, these can be installed outside of the axle housing. They’re known for being lighter.
GearSet
With GearSet, the carrier, ring gear, and pinion gear set are supported by the housing. This involves 2 different sides – drive and coast.
Low-Pinion
Also referred to as a standard-cut differential, low-pinion differentials use hypoid-style gear cuts which apply pressure to the stronger drive side gear when placed in the rear of a 4×4.
High-Pinion
Also called a reverse-cut differential because the gear teeth cut is the opposite of the standard direction so that axles turn in the right direction – it’s best to have this in the front of the 4×4 because the reverse-cut gear set focuses the driving force to the stronger drive side of the ring gear.
This offers a lot of ground clearance and helps with driveline angles.